![]() The fist step is to discard all the received signals during the transmit cycle and apply a smooth taper for continuous transition from zero to one. The technique does not require the use of a fill pulse or any hardware modifications. PPC uses a portion of the uncontaminated received signal in conjunction with pulse compression to estimate the echoes from the incomplete signal. The proposed technique is called progressive pulse compression (PPC) and is based on partial decoding. It is well known that the blind range is caused by the strong leak-through into the receiver during the transmission cycle. In this paper, a novel technique is proposed to mitigate the so-called blind range on radars that use pulse compression. Only the X-band radar could accurately predict the actual high-risk increase in the water level for all studied rainfall events. Rainfall information (X-band radar, S-band radar, ground rain gauge) was applied as input to the flow nomograph to predict the flood level of the stream. This graph represents the flood risk level determined by hydrological–hydraulic modeling with various rainfall scenarios. To evaluate the hydrological applicability of X-band radar rainfall estimates, this study developed a rain-based flood forecasting method-the flow nomograph-for the Samcheok-osib stream, which is vulnerable to heavy rain and resultant floods. The accuracy was particularly high within a 10 km observation radius. Comparison of the rainfall estimates of the X-band radar and the existing rainfall information showed that the X-band radar was less likely to underestimate rainfall compared to the S-band radar. The rainfall was estimated using a distributed specific differential phase-based technique for a high-resolution 75 m grid. The present study analyzed rainfall estimates using the newly installed X-band radar to evaluate its hydrological applicability. The Korean government installed an X-band dual-polarization radar in 2019 to improve rainfall observations and to prevent hydrological disasters in the Yeongdong region. Owing to this topographic blockage, the region has a low-density rain-gauge network, and there is a low-altitude (~1.5 km) observation gap with the nearest large S-band radar. ![]() The mountainous Yeongdong region of South Korea contains mountains over 1 km.
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